American Research Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Pamela G. Hampton-Garland, Melodee S. Quick, and Catherine O. Ndubuisi

This paper is one approach to teaching graduate students in education to become culturally empathetic. This paper was written when America’s racial divide expanded and Black and Brown Americans were killed by police who were not charged, and White American nationalists who want to “Make America Great Again”. The pandemic that locked down our nation and stopped business as usual left people isolated and idol thus creating a petri dish for civil unrest to grow. The population of adult educators was immersed in other cultures through critically analyzing ethnographies, memoirs, through the lens of cultural theories. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that graduate adult education students can develop empathy for populations, they will encounter within their spaces of work that they may feel oppose their access to opportunity. Participants boast about how the narratives reminded them of the common plight amongst populations previously viewed unfavorably. Within these themes, learners acknowledged that the process had transformed how they think about the other.

Taye Demssie Beshi and Erestu Legese Beyene

Numerous studies showed that anti-corruption efforts have been made in various countries. But corruption remains a major obstacle, especially in developing countries, as it undermines the legitimacy and stability of the government. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the Amhara National Regional State Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission in combating corruption. Effectiveness was assessed using institutional autonomy, resource, clearly formulated mandate, transparency, power of investigations, and cooperation with other stakeholders as a parameter. To this end, a qualitative case study research approach was adopted using semi-structured interviews and focus group discussion. Besides, other secondary sources of data have also been used to obtain a broader understanding of the reality. From the data analysis, it is evident that the commission plays an important role in the fight against corruption, but it has not yet been effective. Therefore, we argued that all sections of the society should work hand in hand with the government to properly prevent and control this malpractice that is hindering the development of the country.

Dr. Amish and Prof. A. P. Singh

Humanistic attitude towards the individuals’ side of organizations are increasing and it provides the basis for current emerging trends and researches in organizations. Different organizations have been established to achieve the desired outcomes and certain objectives. In current changing global competitive environment, improving employees’ performance at workplace is major challenge. Positive psychological capital comprised of hope, optimism, resilience and self-efficacy is the key component of organizations and it has been viewed as essential strategic resource for gaining the competitive advantages. Quality of work life is evergreen concept and it may play significant role in improving various work-related outcomes in organizations. The present study was conducted on 215 employees working in private sector organizations to examine the mediating role of positive psychological capital in quality of work life-employees’ performance (self-rated and manager-rated) relationship. Obtained data was analyzed by using correlational, hierarchical regression analysis and mediated regression analysis. The result of hierarchical regression analysis indicates that stress at work and general well-being were found to be significantly positively associated with employees’ performance (self-rated). Stress at work was found to be significantly positively associated with employees’ performance (manager-rated). The mediated regression analysis reveals that PsyCap mediated the relationship between quality of work life-employees’ performance (self-rated and manager-rated). The findings add the empirical support for the study variables. Study limitations and future research directions were also discussed.

Prof. Paata Leiashvily

In this article, the problem of self-organization of economic processes in conditions of perfect competition, based on the interaction of individual and social economic values and market prices, is considered. On the basis of dialectical analysis, the deep internal unity of production and consumption, supply and demand, utility and costs, and other categories that determine the functional closedness and integrity of economic system as a necessary condition to understand the formation process of a macroeconomic order from microeconomic chaos is shown. A new understanding of market processes’ self-regulation mechanism and economic optimization on the methodological basis of dialectics is given. The proposed theoretical explanation of economic processes makes it possible to create more adequate applied economic models and develop an effective economic policy.

1. Dr. Indu Shekhar Upadhyay Asso.Prof.Geography. S.T.D.P.G.Collage Kadipur.India 2. Dr. Veena Upadhyay Assistt.Prof.Economics Karamat Husain.Girls P.G.Collage.Lucknow.India

Caste system is most important for Indian society. The castes found in Sultanpur district are determined on the basis of lineage and karma. The caste system is an important institution of Indian society. It is found not only in Hindu society, but also in Muslim and Christian societies. Inter caste marriage is also slowly becoming prevalent in the society. The caste system provides the basis for various work in the village or local village groups, which is necessary for social life.
Research methods: Rapid social change and the resulting diversification of life worlds are increasingly confronting social researchers with new social contexts and perspectives ... traditional deductive methodologies ... are failing ... thus research is increasingly forced to make use of inductive strategies instead of starting from theories and testing them ... knowledge and practice are studied as local knowledge and practice.

Prof. Sanjoy Roy

On the whole and equal representation of the people serve a sense of identity for the nation building for any country in the world. A country of assimilating people across borders is one nation and reflects common sentiments. Therefore communities which are backward education- ally, economically, culturally and in other respects, should be given more priority for their overall development. In India there have been specified many backward class communities and their movements in terms of caste or reservation. Though, it is observed in the last two centuries that apart from the upward surge in population of India; there is still inequality and underrepresentation of the various communities especially SCs, STs or OBCs in all spheres. The present article has analysed the true sense of reservation and caste discrimination as a structural problem and how these particular groups lacks in many spheres of their lives using qualitative analysis of thirty respondents from Delhi. Questionnaire was used as a tool for the data collection. At the end, it will be substantial to say that teaching caste and reservation in classroom setting has a meaning of providing awareness, advocacy and understanding about the government programmes, policies,

Emmanuel Oladipo Ojo (PhD) and Olusanya Faboyede (PhD)

Nibret Sefiw Adugnaw (MSc) 

The paper is addressing the impact of urban expansion on agricultural land in Lalibela town, Amhara regional state, Ethiopia and the most problems that occurs in the study area arereducing the amount of urban and rural agricultural lands, displacement of farmers from their agricultural land, loss of the most productive agricultural land, and land disputes.The town covers an area of 92,166 kilometer square and it is one the municipal woreda witha population of 51,328.It consists of six (6) woredas. Tools and methods include questionnaires for affected households,focus group discussion, field observation and from the municipal and agricultural development office through interview were applied to investigate on the impact of urban expansion on agricultural land. To meet the general objective, the following specific objectives were set: determining the amount of agricultural land lose caused by urban expansion andassessing the driving forces for urban expansion on agricultural land in the study area. The collected data results showed that, there were rapid conversions of agricultural land for urban use in Lalibela woreda. During the year 2011-2020 more than 1543 hectares amount of agricultural land were used for residential land use in Lalibela town. The main driving forces contributed for urban expansion on agricultural land were increase in population through rural to urban migration and natural increase in the town.There are different mechanisms to reduce losses of agricultural land due to urban expansion. Such as, vertical urban development, compact settlement, applying zoning regulation of the town, building social service at kebele level to minimize rural-urban migration, use properly family planning method, building condominium, the expansion of the town must consider agricultural land and the local government must take in to account the agricultural land to protect from urban expansion.

Col Gaurav Bhatia*, Sheela Misra**; Priyanka Verma**, Arundhati Bhatia***

Instances of natural and anthropogenic disasters are on a steadyrise, all over the world. These instances have accentuated the need for a well-trained, adequately equipped force to ensure that mitigation measures are in place, preparedness for disasters is complete as also to conductrelief and rescue operations when disasters strike. The answer to a simple question - “What is the most appropriate strength of a Disaster Response Force at a State / Union Territory (UT) level?” proved to be the start point for this intriguing academic study. While evaluating the Disaster Score Cards (DSC) for each State / UT, aspects such as the Population, Number of Districts, GDP, Hazards, Vulnerability, Exposure, Capacity were considered. The basic equation of Risk=[Hazard ×Vulnerability ×((Exposure )/Capacity) ] forms the bedrock of the study which draws on existing datasets based on a set of common indicators for deriving the variables for each State and UT in the above-mentioned equation, on a scale of 1 - 10. These values collectively derive a Composite Disaster Risk Index (DRI), and a Disaster Resilience Index (DResI) based on a scale of 1 to 100. These factors together are evaluated to arrive at a cogent, empirically sound quantitative model to estimate the probable strength of a Disaster Response Force, which may be mandated for a particular State / UT.

Ahmed Aldousari

Students with dyslexia often face many challenges in their learning process. Some of the challenges could be trying to understand the content when they lack the ability to read properly. Teachers, however, and all other professional stakeholders have a duty to find ways to help these students meet quality education and exploit their maximum potential despite their challenges. By incorporating technological solutions in the classrooms, academic challenges for learners can be reduced, ensuring that students with dyslexia get the most out of the education process. Therefore, this systematic literature review aims to explore what mobile applications are available that can be used to enhance the learning experience for students with dyslexia and what the literature says about how the overall learning experience of these students might change by providing mobile applications. Nine articles met the criteria for review and were included. The results showed that the introduction of mobile applications can effectively enhance the learning process, essentially pertaining to individuals with dyslexia. Furthermore, the various systems being developed in the form of m-learning applications are proving to be useful, especially on pre-literacy and dyslexic learning. The new developments are poised to increase students with dyslexia motivations for learning since they grant them an opportunity and avenue to make the learning process easy for them. The review concludes that there is a need for more research to determine what development components are needed to evaluate the mobile application that being used for students with dyslexia.